Artificial Immune Systems:

" The biological immune system is a highly parallel and distributed adaptive system. It uses learning, memory, and associative retrieval to solve recognition and classification tasks. In particular, it learns to recognize relevant patterns, remember patterns that have been seen previously, and use combinatorics to construct pattern detectors efficiently. These remarkable information-processing abilities of the immune system provide important aspects in the field of computation. This emerging field is sometime refer[red, I guess] to as the Immunological Computation, Immunocomputing or Artificial Immune Systems (AIS).